The Hartwell Foundation selects two UC Davis faculty for Individual Biomedical Research Awards

By Nadine A Yehya

(SACRAMENTO)

Two UC Davis School of Medicine faculty members are among ten scientists selected to receive the 2022 Individual Biomedical Research Awards from The Hartwell Foundation. The Hartwell competition funds early-stage, innovative and cutting-edge biomedical research to benefit children in the United States.

The awardees for this year are:

• Geoanna M. Bautista, assistant professor of pediatrics in the Division of Neonatology at UC Davis Children's Hospital, for her research on intestinal inflammation and dysmotility in babies with gastroschisis.
• Roy Ben-Shalom, assistant professor of neurology and faculty at the MIND Institute, for his work on predicting the excitability of brain neuronal circuits in neurodevelopmental conditions.

Bautista and Ben-Shalom will each get $100,000 per year for three years. In addition, the Foundation is funding two UC Davis postdoctoral researchers at $50,000 per year each over two years. These researchers will pursue specialized training in biomedical research.

“We are very proud of Dr. Bautista and Dr. Ben-Shalom for being selected for this prestigious award,” said Kim Barrett, vice dean for research and distinguished professor of physiology and membrane biology. “Their programs of research are of the highest caliber and have great potential to revolutionize therapies for kids with neurodevelopmental disabilities or those born with gastroschisis.” 

Intrinsic excitability of brain neuronal circuits

Neuronal electrical signaling is an important component of the brain’s circuitry. The signals generated by the movement of charged ions across the membrane can either excite or inhibit neuronal activity.

“During brain development, the electrical signals sent by individual neurons determine the connections formed with other neurons. These connections establish the neuronal pathways that make up the brain's circuitry,” Ben-Shalom explained.

Channelopathies, or mutations in ion channels, can disrupt the balance between excitatory and inhibitory neuronal activation. They lead to impaired brain connectivity and abnormal neuronal activity patterns. This excitatory-inhibitory imbalance is a hallmark of neurodevelopmental disabilities, particularly autism and childhood epilepsy.

“The mechanisms by which channelopathies lead to neurodevelopmental disabilities are poorly understood,” Ben-Shalom said. “By simulating how mutations in ion channels alter neuronal activity, we can gain insights into the underlying mechanisms of these conditions and identify potential therapeutic strategies."

According to Ben-Shalom, therapies for millions of children are designed by trial and error and based on clinical history, instead of personalized interventions specific to the child and the condition. He is developing a model that simulates changes in neuronal activity caused by alterations in ion channel function. The model will be optimized based on data from cells expressing specific channel mutations and recording the electrical signals directly from the affected channels.

“A key innovative factor of the model is in understanding how specific mutations affect electrical signaling, disrupt normal neuronal circuitry, and contribute to neurodevelopmental disabilities,” Ben-Shalom explained. “Most importantly, the model can be used to simulate the effects of treatment and inform the selection of the most effective therapy for each channel mutation.”

If successful, the simulation model will enable a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying some conditions. This will allow providers to choose specific, effective therapies to restore proper neuronal function.

The Hartwell Foundation criteria for award selection

In the Hartwell competition, all nominees submit a detailed research proposal, are personally interviewed, and formally present their proposed research. The Foundation considers multiple criteria, including:

• The nature of the proposed innovation,
• The extent to which a strategic or translational approach might promote rapid clinical application of research results,
• The supportive role and extent of collaboration in the proposed research,
• The institutional commitment to provide encouragement and technical support to the investigator,
• The extent to which funding the investigator will make a difference.

On April 15, The Hartwell Foundation also announced that UC Davis is one of its 2023 Top Ten Centers of Biomedical Research. In selecting each research center of excellence, The Hartwell Foundation considers the shared values the institution has with the Foundation relating to children's health, the presence of an associated medical school and biomedical engineering program, and the quality and scope of ongoing biomedical research.

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